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NEUROLOGY 2008;70:e78
© 2008 American Academy of Neurology
Resident and Fellow Section

Teaching Video NeuroImage: Spasmodic dysphonia

Adductor and abductor

Formula

Stephen G. Reich, MD and Tanya Meyer, MD

From the Departments of Neurology (S.G.R.) and Otolaryngology (T.M.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Stephen G. Reich, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurology, N4W46, 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201 sreich{at}som.umaryland.edu

Dystonia of the larynx is known as spasmodic dysphonia and there are two types: adductor and abductor (video).1 Both occur more often in women, with an average age at onset of 39 years.2 The more common, adductor spasmodic dysphonia, is characterized by involuntary, irregular adduction of the vocal cords during phonation, producing an effortful, strangled, strained quality to the voice with irregular vocal breaks. Abductor spasmodic dysphonia is characterized by a breathy, effortful voice with aphonic whispered segments. In both types, there is often a dramatic improvement in the voice during shouting, whispering, or singing. The treatment of choice for spasmodic dysphonia is botulinum toxin.2

Supplemental data at www.neurology.org

Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.


   REFERENCES
Top.
 REFERENCES
 

  1. Meyer TK, Blitzer AB. Spasmodic dysphonia. In: Stacy MA, ed. Handbook of Dystonia. New York: Informa; 2007: 179–188.
  2. Blitzer A, Brin MF, Stewart CF. Botulinum toxin management of spasmodic dysphonia (laryngeal dystonia): a 12-year experience in more than 900 patients. Laryngoscope 1998;108:1435–1441.[Medline]




This Article
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Right arrow Articles by Reich, S. G.
Right arrow Articles by Meyer, T.
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Right arrow Dystonia
Right arrow Clinical neurology examination

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