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NEUROLOGY 2006;66:513-516
© 2006 American Academy of Neurology

Chronic posttraumatic stress symptoms after nonsevere stroke

L. Bruggimann, MA, J. M. Annoni, MD, F. Staub, MA, N. von Steinbüchel, PhD, M. Van der Linden, PhD and J. Bogousslavsky, MD

From the Service of Neurology (L.B., J.M.A., F.S., J.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Clinic of Geriatric Psychiatry (L.B., N.V.S.), University Hospitals of Geneva, and F.P.S.E. (M.V.D.L.), University of Geneva, Switzerland.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. L. Bruggimann, Service of Neurology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; e-mail: lbruggimann{at}yahoo.fr.

Objective: To determine whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)–related symptoms were present 1 year after a nonsevere stroke and, if so, to examine the relationship between PSTD, coexisting cognitive variables, and infarct localization

Methods: The authors assessed 49 patients using standard measures of memory, trauma experience, neurologic deficit, depression, anxiety, and PTSD.

Results: Fifteen (31%) patients had significant PTSD symptoms on the Impact of Event Scale (IES > 30). PTSD-like syndrome was independent of neurologic impairment, peristroke amnesia, long-term memory impairment, nosognosia, hypochondriac preoccupations, and physical pain during hospitalization, but was more frequent in women, less educated patients, and patients with more negative appraisals of the stroke experience. Intrusions were increased after basal ganglia strokes, suggesting that the re-experiencing phenomena may be modulated by frontosubcortical pathways.

Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms seem frequent in patients with nonsevere stroke and were associated with the subjective intensity of the stroke experience and accompanied by a depressive and anxious state.

Supported by Swiss National Science Foundation grant nos. 3151AO-102271 (J.M.A.) and 3200-061342.00 (J.B.) and by a grant from Pfizer.

Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Received February 22, 2005. Accepted in final form October 10, 2005.


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