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Acetazolamide-induced nephrolithiasis

Implications for treatment of neuromuscular disorders

Neuromuscular Disease Center and the Gorell Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can cause nephrolithiasis. We studied 20 patients receiving long-term carbonic anhydrase inhibitor treatment for periodic paralysis and myotonia. Three patients on acetazolamide (15%) developed renal calculi. Extracorporeal lithotripsy successfully removed a renal calculus in one patient and surgery removed a staghorn calculus in another, permitting continued treatment. Renal function remained normal in all patients. Nephrolithiasis is a complication of acetazolamide but does not preclude its use.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Rabi Tawil, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, P.O. Box 673, Rochester, NY 14642.

Supported in part by grants from the Muscular Dystrophy Association and NIH grants NS22099 and MO1-RR004.

Received August 13, 1992. Accepted for publication in final form October 1, 1992.

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