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The metabolic basis of recovery after fatiguing exercise of human muscle

Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, the Children's Hospital of San Francisco, and the Departments of Medicine and Radiology and the Magnetic Resonance Unit, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.

We investigated the metabolic basis of human muscular fatigue and recovery utilizing ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and measurements of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). We produced fatigue by sustained MVC for 4 minutes in 2 different muscles (adductor pollicis, tibialis anterior) and obtained similar results in both muscles. During fatiguing exercise, there was a nonlinear relationship between MVC and both phosphocreatine and total inorganic phosphate. By contrast, there was a roughly linear relationship between the decline in MVC and the accumulation of both H⁺ and H₂PO₄^–. However, during recovery after exercise, MVC rapidly returned to control levels while H⁺ recovered with a much slower time course. On the other hand, H₂PO₄^– rapidly returned to control values with a time course similar to MVC. In addition, the relationship of H₂PO₄^– to MVC was similar during both fatigue and recovery. Thus, during fatigue as well as during recovery, changes in MVC correlate best with H₂PO₄^–, suggesting that this metabolite is an important factor in human muscle fatigue.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Robert G. Miller, 3700 California Street (OPR 613), San Francisco, CA 94118.

Supported by a grant from the Muscular Dystrophy Association (to Dr. Miller), by National Institutes of Health grant AM-DK-33923004 (to Dr. Weiner), and by the Veterans Medical Research Service (to Dr. Weiner).

Presented in part at the 40th annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Cincinnati, OH, April 1988.

Received January 25, 1989. Accepted for publication in final form August 2, 1989.

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