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Respiratory arrest in subarachnoid hemorrhage

From the Department of Neurology (Drs. Hijdra, Vermeulen, and van Gijn), University Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam, and the Department of Neurology (Dr. van Crevel), Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Sudden loss of consciousness and cardiorespiratory disorders occurred in 43 of 254 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Two patients had ventricular fibrillation, 37 had one or more episodes with a disturbance of respiratory rhythm that required assisted ventilation, and 4 died suddenly without recorded vital signs. Sixteen patients recovered after resuscitation. The outcome could not be predicted at an early stage from the anatomic type of hemorrhage on CT, the initial presence or absence of brainstem reflexes, or the type of cardiorespiratory disorder. Spontaneous respiration and responsiveness returned within 1 hour in all patients who recovered.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Hijdra, Department of Neurology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Accepted for publication March 20, 1984.

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