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Experimental Therapeutics Branch (Drs. Ward and Calne), National Institute of Neurologic and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Department of Neurology (Dr. Duvoisin), UMDNJ, Rutgers Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, and the Clinical Neurogenetic Studies (Miss Ince and Dr. Eldridge), NES, IRP, National Institute of Neurologic and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and the Department of Neurology (Dr. Nutt), Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR.
Among 43 monozygotic (MZ) and 19 dizygotic (DZ) pairs in which an index case had definite Parkinson's disease (PD), only one MZ pair was definitely concordant for PD. When pairs with questionable clinical features were included, 4 of 48 MZ and 1 of 19 DZ pairs were concordant. The frequency of PD in MZ cotwins of index cases with PD was similar to that expected in an unrelated control group matched for age and sex. Although we were unable to identify a single environmental agent, we conclude that the major factors in the etiology of PD are nongenetic.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Eldridge, Federal Building Rm 804, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205.
This work was supported in part by grants from the United Parkinson Foundation and from the Parkinson's Disease Foundation.
Accepted for publication October 7, 1982
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