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Kainic acid-induced limbic seizures

Electrophysiologic studies

Department of Neurology. Washington University School of Medicine. St. Louis, MO.

surface and depth electroencephalograms (EEGs) were studied after intravenous injections of kainic acid (KA). High frequency oscillations and spikes appeared in the hippocampus at a dose (1 mg per kilogram) that did not affect other structures. Higher doses 4 mg per kilogram) led to electrical seizures in limbic structures, similar to those in temporal lobe epilepsy. In hippocampal slices maintained in vitro, 0.1 to 1.0 µM KA produced spontaneous epileptiform spikes, originating in CA₁, and increased evoked potentials. Systemic KA is a potent means of inducing limbic seizures with a primary action in the hippocampus. We propose that this selective activation arises when KA augments excitatory glutamatergic synapses in critical epileptogenic areas, such as the CA, region of the hippocampus.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Lothman, Department of Neurology. Box 8111. Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110.

Supported in part by USPHS grant NS-14834, Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Fund Research Starter grant, and the Institute of Medical Education and Research of the City of St. Louis.

Accepted for publication September 25. 1980.

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